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She\nwas a worker for the Underground Railroad, and in 1896 she helped\nestablish the National Association of Colored Women.","MaxDetailCharacters":0,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2019/11/3bf1ed26-c4d9-4314-a214-b1ba3b46ccc81.png","ImageHeight":900,"ImageWidth":1200,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000","SourceName":"Blackfacts.com","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://blackfacts.com","SponsorId":"d9e17e24-cd53-4d57-be36-9d2660786c68","IsSponsored":true,"SponsorName":"Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers (SHPE) Boston Professional Chapter","SmallSponsorLogoUrl":"24x24/shpe-logo.jpg","SponsorUrl":"http://shpeboston.org/","HasSmallSponsorLogo":true,"EffectiveDate":"1911-02-22T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"Year":1911,"Month":2,"Day":22,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"Id":581,"FactUId":"c330a75b-6f1c-4138-acbd-7ceba16ad86c","Slug":"the-bronze-muse","FactType":"Event","Title":"the Bronze Muse","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/the-bronze-muse","ResultCount":-1,"SearchType":"Today"},{"FadeSummary":false,"SummaryText":"Castries, capital of St. Lucia, is also the largest city on the island.\u00A0 The latest estimates show its population as about 20,000.\u00A0 St. Lucia with a total population of 163,362 (July 2014 est.) is part of the Windward Islands chain which forms the boundary between the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea.\u00A0 \u00A0\nArawak and Carib Indians inhabited St. Lucia exclusively until 1502, when a group of French sailors became the first Europeans to reach the island.\u00A0 European settlement, however, was stalled for more than a century by fierce resistance from the Caribs.\nThe French founded Castries in 1650, naming it \u0026ldquo;Car\u00E9nage,\u0026rdquo; which means safe anchorage, in reference to the city\u2019s deep water port.\u00A0 It adopted the name Castries in 1756 in honor of Charles Eug\u00E8ne Gabriel de La Croix, Marquis de Castries and Commander of a fleet of French ships. \u00A0\nBy 1746 the French established an agreement with the Caribs that allowed more European settlement on the island.\u00A0 Also by that point the French had introduced sugar plantations and developed a thriving agricultural economy based on forced African labor.\nMeanwhile St Lucia became a major prize in the British-French rivalry for control of the Caribbean and its lucrative sugar economy.\u00A0 During the 17th and 18th centuries England and France were at war fourteen times, during which control of the island switched seven times.\u00A0 At one point St. Lucia was considered so valuable because of its sugar production that the British and French were willing to trade all of Canada for the island. \nIn 1814 the British finally took permanent control of the island, making Castries a major naval port in the region over the next three decades.\u00A0 Because of its harbor, Castries was the only Eastern Caribbean port that could accommodate the largest warships. \nDespite the abolition of slavery in 1833, the island\u2019s economy remained based on the production of tropical commodity crops like sugar, bananas, and coffee.\u00A0 By this point 90% of the residents of both Castries and the island of St Lucia were of","MaxDetailCharacters":0,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/www.blackpast.org/files/castries__st__lucia.jpg","ImageHeight":263,"ImageWidth":350,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"de2ecbf0-5aa4-45ce-bbf9-9a6ac45f6ac8","SourceName":"Black Past","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.blackpast.org/","IsSponsored":false,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":"1979-02-22T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"Year":1979,"Month":2,"Day":22,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":"ExtractionBotHub","IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"Id":4797,"FactUId":"7cedab7b-9db1-4d5c-86ae-f2e4bc4855e7","Slug":"castries-st-lucia-1650","FactType":"Event","Title":"Castries, St. Lucia (1650 - )","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/castries-st-lucia-1650","ResultCount":-1,"SearchType":"Today"},{"FadeSummary":false,"SummaryText":"Washington State politician George Fleming was born February 22, 1937, in Dallas, Texas, to parents A.R. and Lilla N. Fleming. He started post secondary education at the University of Washington, Seattle.\u00A0 While attending the University, Fleming was running back and kicker for the Washington Huskies who was part of the 1960-61 team that won the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California.\u00A0 In fact, Fleming scored the first points with a 44-yard field goal which was at that time the longest in Rose Bowl History. \nIn 1961, Fleming was the highest-drafted player into the National Football League from the Huskies. He went to the Oakland (California) Raiders as a second-round draft pick with an initial salary of $15,000 and a $3,500 signing bonus.\u00A0 In the 1961 season Fleming kicked a 54-yard field goal, a team record until 2003.\u00A0 He sat out the 1962 season, because of a salary dispute with the Raiders and the following year went to the Canadian Football League (CFL) where he played with the Winnipeg (Manitoba) Bombers.\u00A0 Fleming led the CFL in scoring as a rookie with 135 points and set a league record with a 55-yard field goal.\u00A0 Fleming retired from professional football in 1966.\nIn 1968, George Fleming was elected to the Washington House of Representatives.\u00A0 Two years later in 1970 he was the first African American to be elected to the Washington State Senate.\u00A0 While in the Senate he served as Vice-Chair of the Democratic Caucus from 1973 to 1980 and as Caucus Chairman from 1980 to 1988.\u00A0 While in office, Fleming was an advocate for the underprivileged, a state Martin Luther King Day holiday, control of illicit drugs, improvements in the quality of education, small business and economic development, and civil rights.\u00A0 He also fought to improve the quality of nursing homes for senior citizens and was an advocate of low income housing and emergency meals and shelter for the homeless.\u00A0 George Fleming retired in 1990 after twenty two years of service in the state legislature.\n      University of Washington, Seattle","MaxDetailCharacters":0,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.com/uploads/blackfacts/facts/www.blackpast.org/files/blackpast_images/vice_president_hubert_humphrey_1967.jpg","ImageHeight":364,"ImageWidth":250,"ImageOrientation":"portrait","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"de2ecbf0-5aa4-45ce-bbf9-9a6ac45f6ac8","SourceName":"Black Past","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.blackpast.org/","IsSponsored":false,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":"1937-02-22T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"Year":1937,"Month":2,"Day":22,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":"ExtractionBotHub","IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"Id":6052,"FactUId":"cf292c70-57c6-4a5c-8fd9-16b40c0adf74","Slug":"fleming-george-1937","FactType":"Event","Title":"Fleming, George (1937- )","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/fleming-george-1937","ResultCount":-1,"SearchType":"Today"},{"FadeSummary":false,"SummaryText":"Jonas Savimbi , in full Jonas Malheiro Savimbi  (born August 3, 1934, Portuguese Angola\u2014died February 22, 2002, near Lucusse, Angola), Angolan politician, the leader of a long-continuing guerrilla insurgency against the postindependence government of Angola.\nThe son of a railroad stationmaster, Savimbi was educated in mission schools and won a scholarship to study abroad. He studied medicine at the University of Lisbon in Portugal and then obtained a doctorate in political science at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland, in 1965. In 1961 Savimbi joined the Angolan independence leader Holden Roberto\u2019s Popular Union of Angola (UPA), the rival of the  Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA). He broke with the UPA\u2019s leader in 1966 and formed the  National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), which fought against Portuguese colonial rule.\nSavimbi was the only Angolan guerrilla leader who continued fighting within Angola until the nation reached independence from Portugal in 1975; by this time he had expanded his initially small band of supporters into a guerrilla army numbering in the thousands. UNITA was based in southeastern Angola and relied for its support on the Ovimbundu people, the largest ethnic group in the country. At various times, Savimbi obtained support from China, South Africa, and the United States as a counter to the Marxist, Soviet-supported MPLA, which controlled the central government. Savimbi continued to wage a disruptive guerrilla war against the MPLA throughout the 1970s and \u201980s. In 1991 he signed a peace agreement with the MPLA-led Angolan government that halted the civil war and resulted in free, multiparty national elections in 1992. After losing these elections, Savimbi and UNITA resumed their military struggle for control of the country, with UNITA dominating most of the countryside. Talks were held again, leading to the Lusaka Accord of 1994: hostilities were to cease and forces were to be disengaged. 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